Job crafting sebagai Mekanisme Peningkatan Kinerja: Tinjauan Literatur Empiris Periode 2020–2025
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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau kembali dan mensintesis bukti empiris mengenai hubungan antara job crafting dan kinerja karyawan menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan literatur integratif dengan menelaah secara sistematis 28 studi empiris yang diterbitkan pada periode 2020–2025 dan mengkaji keterkaitan antara job crafting dan kinerja. Hasil tinjauan menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang konsisten dan positif antara job crafting dan kinerja. Temuan penting lainnya mengungkap bahwa hubungan tersebut terutama dijelaskan melalui mekanisme psikologis dan motivasional, termasuk work engagement, meaningful work, serta proses kognitif–afektif terkait, dibandingkan melalui pengaruh langsung semata. Tinjauan ini terbatas pada studi empiris dalam rentang waktu tertentu dan tidak mencakup teknik meta-analisis. Meskipun demikian, temuan penelitian ini memberikan implikasi penting bagi pengembangan teori HRD dengan menegaskan peran sentral redesain kerja yang diprakarsai oleh karyawan sebagai mekanisme peningkatan kinerja, serta bagi praktik HRD dalam merancang intervensi yang mendukung perilaku job crafting secara proaktif. Hasil penelitian ini menyajikan sintesis yang mutakhir dan integratif atas penelitian job crafting terkini dengan secara eksplisit memposisikan job crafting sebagai mekanisme mikro yang krusial dalam menghubungkan desain kerja dan kinerja dalam ranah HRD, sehingga memperluas pemahaman teoretis dan praktis yang ada.
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References
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